0h 78m 27s local
MJD 60783.07827

Equinoxes

The Decree of the National Convention On the era, the beginning and the organization of the year And on the names of the days and months

 From the 4th day of Frimaire, the second year of the French Republic, one and indivisible. (November 24, 1793)

The National Convention, after hearing its Committee of Public Instruction, decrees the following:


First Article. The era of the French counts from the founding of the Republic, which took place on September 22, 1792, of the vulgar era, the day when the sun arrived at the true autumn equinox, by entering the sign of Libra at nine hours eighteen minutes thirty seconds in the morning, for the Paris observatory...


Article III. Each year begins at midnight, with the day the true autumn equinox falls for the Paris observatory...


Article X. The ordinary year receives one more day, depending on whether the position of the equinox includes it, in order to maintain the coincidence of the calendar year with the celestial movements. This day, called the Day of the Revolution, is placed at the end of the year and forms the sixth of the Sansculotides.

The four-year period, after which this one-day addition is usually necessary, is called the Franciade, in memory of the revolution that, after four years of effort, led France to the Republican government. The fourth year of the Franciade is called Sextile.


Notice the contradiction between articles 3 and 10. It was presumed that a leap year would occur every four years, skipping one automatically every 128 years or so. Unfortunately, Delambre was away at the time, probably measuring how many meters there were between the equator and the North Pole. When he returned, he explained that Article 3 would cause a gap of five years between leap years about three times a century, and would be uneven and difficult to predict. 


Delambre wrote a report. First, he calculated the start of the first 400 years, and the leap years. Then, made a proposal to fix the calendar. See the page on the Reformed calendar. 


Below is the first day of the year, 1 Vendémiaire, as calculated by Delambre, with decimal times, for 400 years. "S" indicates sextile (leap) year; extra day added to end of year. Times are of equinoxes in Paris true solar time, about 17 minutes ahead of GMT/UTC. Times are only approximate and do not account for planetary perturbations, but the dates are correct. The Republican year begins at the preceding midnight.




ERCEDate & decimalTime
1 1792September 22.384618109:13:51
2 1793September 22.626664415:02:23
3S1794September 22.868710720:50:56
4 1795September 23.110757002:39:29
5 1796September 22.352803308:28:02
6 1797September 22.594849614:16:35
7S1798September 22.836895920:05:07
8 1799September 23.078942201:53:40
9 1800September 23.320988507:42:13
10 1801September 23.563034813:30:46
11S1802September 23.805081119:19:19
12 1803September 24.047127401:07:51
13 1804September 23.289173706:56:24
14 1805September 23.531220012:44:57
15S1806September 23.773266318:33:30
16 1807September 24.015312600:22:03
17 1808September 23.257358906:10:35
18 1809September 23.499405211:59:08
19 1810September 23.741451517:47:41
20S1811September 23.983497823:36:14
21 1812September 23.225544105:24:47
22 1813September 23.467590411:13:19
23 1814September 23.709636717:01:52
24S1815September 23.951683022:50:25
25 1816September 23.193729304:38:58
26 1817September 23.435775610:27:31
27 1818September 23.677821916:16:03
28S1819September 23.919868222:04:36
29 1820September 23.161914503:53:09
30 1821September 23.403960809:41:42
31 1822September 23.646007115:30:15
32S1823September 23.888053421:18:47
33 1824September 23.130099703:07:20
34 1825September 23.372146008:55:53
35 1826September 23.614192314:44:26
36S1827September 23.856238620:32:59
37 1828September 23.098284902:21:31
38 1829September 23.340331208:10:04
39 1830September 23.582377513:58:37
40S1831September 23.824423819:47:10
41 1832September 23.066470101:35:43
42 1833September 23.308516407:24:15
43 1834September 23.550562713:12:48
44S1835September 23.792609019:01:21
45 1836September 23.034655300:49:54
46 1837September 23.276701606:38:27
47 1838September 23.518747912:26:59
48S1839September 23.760794218:15:32
49 1840September 23.002840500:04:05
50 1841September 23.244886805:52:38
51 1842September 23.486933111:41:11
52 1843September 23.728979417:29:43
53S1844September 22.971025723:18:16
54 1845September 23.213072005:06:49
55 1846September 23.455118310:55:22
56 1847September 23.697164616:43:55
57S1848September 22.939210922:32:27
58 1849September 23.181257204:21:00
59 1850September 23.423303510:09:33
60 1851September 23.665349815:58:06
61S1852September 22.907396121:46:39
62 1853September 23.149442403:35:11
63 1854September 23.391488709:23:44
64 1855September 23.633535015:12:17
65S1856September 22.875581321:00:50
66 1857September 23.117627602:49:23
67 1858September 23.359673908:37:55
68 1859September 23.601720214:26:28
69S1860September 22.843766520:15:01
70 1861September 23.085812802:03:34
71 1862September 23.327859107:52:07
72 1863September 23.569905413:40:39
73S1864September 22.811951719:29:12
74 1865September 23.053998001:17:45
75 1866September 23.296044307:06:18
76 1867September 23.538090612:54:51
77S1868September 22.780136918:43:23
78 1869September 23.022183200:31:56
79 1870September 23.264229506:20:29
80 1871September 23.506275812:09:02
81 1872September 22.748322117:57:35
82S1873September 22.990368423:46:07
83 1874September 23.232414705:34:40
84 1875September 23.474461011:23:13
85 1876September 22.716507317:11:46
86S1877September 22.958553623:00:19
87 1878September 23.200599904:48:51
88 1879September 23.442646210:37:24
89 1880September 22.684692516:25:57
90S1881September 22.926738822:14:30
91 1882September 23.168785104:03:03
92 1883September 23.410831409:51:35
93 1884September 22.652877715:40:08
94S1885September 22.894924021:28:41
95 1886September 23.136970303:17:14
96 1887September 23.379016609:05:47
97 1888September 22.621062914:54:19
98S1889September 22.863109220:42:52
99 1890September 23.105155502:31:25
100 1891September 23.347201808:19:58
101 1892September 22.589248114:08:31
102S1893September 22.831294419:57:03
103 1894September 23.073340701:45:36
104 1895September 23.315387007:34:09
105 1896September 22.557433313:22:42
106S1897September 22.799479619:11:15
107 1898September 23.041525900:59:47
108 1899September 23.283572206:48:20
109 1900September 23.525618512:36:53
110S1901September 23.767664818:25:26
111 1902September 24.009711100:13:59
112 1903September 24.251757406:02:31
113 1904September 23.493803711:51:04
114 1905September 23.735850017:39:37
115S1906September 23.977896323:28:10
116 1907September 24.219942605:16:43
117 1908September 23.461988911:05:15
118 1909September 23.704035216:53:48
119S1910September 23.946081522:42:21
120 1911September 24.188127804:30:54
121 1912September 23.430174110:19:27
122 1913September 23.672220416:07:59
123S1914September 23.914266721:56:32
124 1915September 24.156313003:45:05
125 1916September 23.398359309:33:38
126 1917September 23.640405615:22:11
127S1918September 23.882451921:10:43
128 1919September 24.124498202:59:16
129 1920September 23.366544508:47:49
130 1921September 23.608590814:36:22
131S1922September 23.850637120:24:55
132 1923September 24.092683402:13:27
133 1924September 23.334729708:02:00
134 1925September 23.576776013:50:33
135S1926September 23.818822319:39:06
136 1927September 24.060868601:27:39
137 1928September 23.302914907:16:11
138 1929September 23.544961213:04:44
139S1930September 23.787007518:53:17
140 1931September 24.029053800:41:50
141 1932September 23.271100106:30:23
142 1933September 23.513146412:18:55
143 1934September 23.755192718:07:28
144S1935September 23.997239023:56:01
145 1936September 23.239285305:44:34
146 1937September 23.481331611:33:07
147 1938September 23.723377917:21:39
148S1939September 23.965424223:10:12
149 1940September 23.207470504:58:45
150 1941September 23.449516810:47:18
151 1942September 23.691563116:35:51
152S1943September 23.933609422:24:23
153 1944September 23.175655704:12:56
154 1945September 23.417702010:01:29
155 1946September 23.659748315:50:02
156S1947September 23.901794621:38:35
157 1948September 23.143840903:27:07
158 1949September 23.385887209:15:40
159 1950September 23.627933515:04:13
160S1951September 23.869979820:52:46
161 1952September 23.112026102:41:19
162 1953September 23.354072408:29:51
163 1954September 23.596118714:18:24
164S1955September 23.838165020:06:57
165 1956September 23.080211301:55:30
166 1957September 23.322257607:44:03
167 1958September 23.564303913:32:35
168S1959September 23.806350219:21:08
169 1960September 23.048396501:09:41
170 1961September 23.290442806:58:14
171 1962September 23.532489112:46:47
172S1963September 23.774535418:35:19
173 1964September 23.016581700:23:52
174 1965September 23.258628006:12:25
175 1966September 23.500674312:00:58
176 1967September 23.742720617:49:31
177S1968September 22.984766923:38:03
178 1969September 23.226813205:26:36
179 1970September 23.468859511:15:09
180 1971September 23.710905817:03:42
181S1972September 22.952952122:52:15
182 1973September 23.194998404:40:47
183 1974September 23.437044710:29:20
184 1975September 23.679091016:17:53
185S1976September 22.921137322:06:26
186 1977September 23.163183603:54:59
187 1978September 23.405229909:43:31
188 1979September 23.647276215:32:04
189S1980September 22.889322521:20:37
190 1981September 23.131368803:09:10
191 1982September 23.373415108:57:43
192 1983September 23.615461414:46:15
193S1984September 22.857507720:34:48
194 1985September 23.099554002:23:21
195 1986September 23.341600308:11:54
196 1987September 23.583646614:00:27
197S1988September 22.825692919:48:59
198 1989September 23.067739201:37:32
199 1990September 23.309785507:26:05
200 1991September 23.551831813:14:38
201S1992September 22.793878119:03:11
202 1993September 23.035924400:51:43
203 1994September 23.277970706:40:16
204 1995September 23.520017012:28:49
205S1996September 22.762063318:17:22
206 1997September 23.004109600:05:55
207 1998September 23.246155905:54:27
208 1999September 23.488202211:43:00
209 2000September 22.730248517:31:33
210S2001September 22.972294823:20:06
211 2002September 23.214341105:08:39
212 2003September 23.456387410:57:11
213 2004September 22.698433716:45:44
214S2005September 22.940480022:34:17
215 2006September 23.182526304:22:50
216 2007September 23.424572610:11:23
217 2008September 22.666618915:59:55
218S2009September 22.908665221:48:28
219 2010September 23.150711503:37:01
220 2011September 23.392757809:25:34
221 2012September 22.634804115:14:07
222S2013September 22.876850421:02:39
223 2014September 23.118896702:51:12
224 2015September 23.360943008:39:45
225 2016September 22.602989314:28:18
226S2017September 22.845035620:16:51
227 2018September 23.087081902:05:23
228 2019September 23.329128207:53:56
229 2020September 22.571174513:42:29
230S2021September 22.813220819:31:02
231 2022September 23.055267101:19:35
232 2023September 23.297313407:08:07
233 2024September 22.539359712:56:40
234S2025September 22.781406018:45:13
235 2026September 23.023452300:33:46
236 2027September 23.265498606:22:19
237 2028September 22.507544912:10:51
238 2029September 22.749591217:59:24
239S2030September 22.991637523:47:57
240 2031September 23.233683805:36:30
241 2032September 22.475730111:25:03
242 2033September 22.717776417:13:35
243S2034September 22.959822723:02:08
244 2035September 23.201869004:50:41
245 2036September 22.443915310:39:14
246 2037September 22.685961616:27:47
247S2038September 22.928007922:16:19
248 2039September 23.170054204:04:52
249 2040September 22.412100509:53:25
250 2041September 22.654146815:41:58
251S2042September 22.896193121:30:31
252 2043September 23.138239403:19:03
253 2044September 22.380285709:07:36
254 2045September 22.622332014:56:09
255S2046September 22.864378320:44:42
256 2047September 23.106424602:33:15
257 2048September 22.348470908:21:47
258 2049September 22.590517214:10:20
259S2050September 22.832563519:58:53
260 2051September 23.074609801:47:26
261 2052September 22.316656107:35:59
262 2053September 22.558702413:24:31
263S2054September 22.800748719:13:04
264 2055September 23.042795001:01:37
265 2056September 22.284841306:50:10
266 2057September 22.526887612:38:43
267S2058September 22.768933918:27:15
268 2059September 23.010980200:15:48
269 2060September 22.253026506:04:21
270 2061September 22.495072811:52:54
271 2062September 22.737119117:41:27
272S2063September 22.979165423:29:59
273 2064September 22.221211705:18:32
274 2065September 22.463258011:07:05
275 2066September 22.705304316:55:38
276S2067September 22.947350622:44:11
277 2068September 22.189396904:32:43
278 2069September 22.431443210:21:16
279 2070September 22.673489516:09:49
280S2071September 22.915535821:58:22
281 2072September 22.157582103:46:55
282 2073September 22.399628409:35:27
283 2074September 22.641674715:24:00
284S2075September 22.883721021:12:33
285 2076September 22.125767303:01:06
286 2077September 22.367813608:49:39
287 2078September 22.609859914:38:11
288S2079September 22.851906220:26:44
289 2080September 22.093952502:15:17
290 2081September 22.335998808:03:50
291 2082September 22.578045113:52:23
292S2083September 22.820091419:40:55
293 2084September 22.062137701:29:28
294 2085September 22.304184007:18:01
295 2086September 22.546230313:06:34
296S2087September 22.788276618:55:07
297 2088September 22.030322900:43:39
298 2089September 22.272369206:32:12
299 2090September 22.514415512:20:45
300 2091September 22.756461818:09:18
301S2092September 21.998508123:57:51
302 2093September 22.240554405:46:23
303 2094September 22.482600711:34:56
304 2095September 22.724647017:23:29
305S2096September 21.966693323:12:02
306 2097September 22.208739605:00:35
307 2098September 22.450785910:49:07
308 2099September 22.692832216:37:40
309S2100September 22.934878522:26:13
310 2101September 23.176924804:14:46
311 2102September 23.418971110:03:19
312 2103September 23.661017415:51:51
313S2104September 22.903063721:40:24
314 2105September 23.145110003:28:57
315 2106September 23.387156309:17:30
316 2107September 23.629202615:06:03
317S2108September 22.871248920:54:35
318 2109September 23.113295202:43:08
319 2110September 23.355341508:31:41
320 2111September 23.597387814:20:14
321S2112September 22.839434120:08:47
322 2113September 23.081480401:57:19
323 2114September 23.323526707:45:52
324 2115September 23.565573013:34:25
325S2116September 22.807619319:22:58
326 2117September 23.049665601:11:31
327 2118September 23.291711907:00:03
328 2119September 23.533758212:48:36
329S2120September 22.775804518:37:09
330 2121September 23.017850800:25:42
331 2122September 23.259897106:14:15
332 2123September 23.501943412:02:47
333 2124September 22.743989717:51:20
334S2125September 22.986036023:39:53
335 2126September 23.228082305:28:26
336 2127September 23.470128611:16:59
337 2128September 22.712174917:05:31
338S2129September 22.954221222:54:04
339 2130September 23.196267504:42:37
340 2131September 23.438313810:31:10
341 2132September 22.680360116:19:43
342S2133September 22.922406422:08:15
343 2134September 23.164452703:56:48
344 2135September 23.406499009:45:21
345 2136September 22.648545315:33:54
346S2137September 22.890591621:22:27
347 2138September 23.132637903:10:59
348 2139September 23.374684208:59:32
349 2140September 22.616730514:48:05
350S2141September 22.858776820:36:38
351 2142September 23.100823102:25:11
352 2143September 23.342869408:13:43
353 2144September 22.584915714:02:16
354S2145September 22.826962019:50:49
355 2146September 23.069008301:39:22
356 2147September 23.311054607:27:55
357 2148September 22.553100913:16:27
358S2149September 22.795147219:05:00
359 2150September 23.037193500:53:33
360 2151September 23.279239806:42:06
361 2152September 22.521286112:30:39
362S2153September 22.763332418:19:11
363 2154September 23.005378700:07:44
364 2155September 23.247425005:56:17
365 2156September 22.489471311:44:50
366 2157September 22.731517617:33:23
367S2158September 22.973563923:21:55
368 2159September 23.215610205:10:28
369 2160September 22.457656510:59:01
370 2161September 22.699702816:47:34
371S2162September 22.941749122:36:07
372 2163September 23.183795404:24:39
373 2164September 22.425841710:13:12
374 2165September 22.667888016:01:45
375S2166September 22.909934321:50:18
376 2167September 23.151980603:38:51
377 2168September 22.394026909:27:23
378 2169September 22.636073215:15:56
379S2170September 22.878119521:04:29
380 2171September 23.120165802:53:02
381 2172September 22.362212108:41:35
382 2173September 22.604258414:30:07
383S2174September 22.846304720:18:40
384 2175September 23.088351002:07:13
385 2176September 22.330397307:55:46
386 2177September 22.572443613:44:19
387S2178September 22.814489919:32:51
388 2179September 23.056536201:21:24
389 2180September 22.298582507:09:57
390 2181September 22.540628812:58:30
391S2182September 22.782675118:47:03
392 2183September 23.024721400:35:35
393 2184September 22.266767706:24:08
394 2185September 22.508814012:12:41
395 2186September 22.750860318:01:14
396S2187September 22.992906623:49:47
397 2188September 22.234952905:38:19
398 2189September 22.476999211:26:52
399 2190September 22.719045517:15:25
400S2191September 22.961091823:03:58

Exact times of equinoxes during the Republic

ER   CE   Date    GMT     Paris   H.M. S.
 1  1792 Sep 22 09:00:30 09:18:30 3 87 85
 2  1793 Sep 22 14:55:19 15:11:38 6 33 08
 3S 1794 Sep 22 20:46:23 21:01:31 8 76 05
 4  1795 Sep 23 02:27:55 02:44:49 1 14 45
 5  1796 Sep 22 08:23:55 08:41:48 3 62 36
 6  1797 Sep 22 14:10:39 14:27:12 6 02 22
 7S 1798 Sep 22 19:50:07 20:05:43 8 37 30
 8  1799 Sep 23 01:40:47 01:58:15 0 82 12
 9  1800 Sep 23 07:25:31 07:40:41 3 19 92
10  1801 Sep 23 13:13:08 13:26:00 5 59 72
11S 1802 Sep 23 19:02:13 19:17:29 8 03 80
12  1803 Sep 24 00:43:31 00:59:02 0 40 99
13  1804 Sep 23 06:39:47 06:58:08 2 90 37
14  1805 Sep 23 12:29:00 12:46:57 5 32 60
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